Humanitarian Law

Declaration Respecting Maritime Law. Paris, 16 April 1856. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 55]

Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field (Lieber Code). 24 April 1863. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Resolutions of the Geneva International Conference. Geneva, 26-29 October 1863. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 57]

Additional Articles relating to the Condition of the Wounded in War. Geneva, 20 October 1868. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 1][State signatories – 15]

Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of Explosive Projectiles Under 400 Grammes Weight. Saint Petersburg, 29 November / 11 December 1868. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 20]

Project of an International Declaration concerning the Laws and Customs of War. Brussels, 27 August 1874. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

The Laws of War on Land. Oxford, 9 September 1880. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Final Act Of the International Peace Conference. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 27]

Convention (II) with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 49]

Convention (III) for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention of 22 August 1864. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 49]

Declaration (IV,1), to Prohibit, for the Term of Five Years, the Launching of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons, and Other Methods of Similar Nature. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 24][State signatories – 2]

Declaration (IV,2) concerning Asphyxiating Gases. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 31]

Declaration (IV,3) concerning Expanding Bullets. The Hague, 29 July 1899. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 31]

Convention for the Exemption of Hospital Ships, in Time of War, from The Payment of all Dues and Taxes Imposed for the Benefit of the State. The Hague, 21 December 1904. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 31][State signatories – 1]

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 6 July 1906. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 52][State signatories – 5]

Final Act of the Second Peace Conference. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 44]

Convention (III) relative to the Opening of Hostilities. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 34][State signatories – 17]

Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 35][State signatories – 15]

Convention (V) respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in Case of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 32][State signatories – 17]

Convention (VI) relating to the Status of Enemy Merchant Ships at the Outbreak of Hostilities. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 29][State signatories – 19]

Convention (VII) relating to the Conversion of Merchant Ships into War-Ships. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 32][State signatories – 16]

Convention (VIII) relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 27][State signatories – 17]

Convention (IX) concerning Bombardment by Naval Forces in Time of War. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 35][State signatories – 16]

Convention (X) for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 33][State signatories – 16]

Convention (XI) relative to certain Restrictions with regard to the Exercise of the Right of Capture in Naval War. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 31][State signatories – 17]

Convention (XII) relative to the Creation of an International Prize Court. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 1][State signatories – 31]

Convention (XIII) concerning the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Naval War. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 28][State signatories – 18]

Declaration (XIV) Prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons. The Hague, 18 October 1907. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 20][State signatories – 12]

Final Protocol to the Naval Conference of London, 26 February 1909. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 10]

Declaration concerning the Laws of Naval War. London, 26 February 1909. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 10]

Additional Protocol to the Convention relative to the Establishment of an International Prize Court. The Hague, 19 September 1910. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 23]

Manual of the Laws of Naval War. Oxford, 9 August 1913. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Treaty relating to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in Warfare. Washington, 6 February 1922. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 10][State signatories – 1]

Rules concerning the Control of Wireless Telegraphy in Time of War and Air Warfare. Drafted by a Commission of Jurists at the Hague, December 1922 – February 1923. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare. Geneva, 17 June 1925. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 136][State signatories – 1]

Convention on Maritime Neutrality. Havana, 20 February 1928. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 8][State signatories – 13]

Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference. Geneva, 27 July 1929. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 47]

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 27 July 1929. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 60][State signatories – 8]

Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 27 July 1929. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 53][State signatories – 9]

Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armaments, (Part IV, Art. 22, relating to submarine warfare). London, 22 April 1930. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 11]

First draft Convention adopted in Monaco (Sanitary cities and localities), 27 July 1934. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Draft International Convention on the Condition and Protection of Civilians of enemy nationality who are on territory belonging to or occupied by a belligerent. Tokyo, 1934. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historic Monuments (Roerich Pact). Washington, 15 april 1935. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 10][State signatories – 11]

Procès-verbal relating to the Rules of Submarine Warfare set forth in Part IV of the Treaty of London of 22 April 1930. London, 6 November 1936. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 39][State signatories – 11]

The Nyon Agreement, 14 September 1937. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 9]

Agreement supplementary to The Nyon Agreement. Geneva, 17 September 1937. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 9]

Draft Convention for the Protection of Civilian Populations Against New Engines of War. Amsterdam, 1938. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis, and Charter of the International Military Tribunal. London, 8 August 1945. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 19][State signatories – 4]

Affirmation of the Principles of International Law recognised by the Charter of the Nüremberg Tribunal. Resolution 95 (I) of the United Nations General Assembly, 11 December 1946. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 9 December 1948. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 141][State signatories – 1]

Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 59]

Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field. Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 194]

Convention (II) for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea. Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 194]

Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 194]

Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 194]

Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference. Geneva, 12 August 1949. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the Nüremberg Tribunal and in the Judgment of the Tribunal, 1950. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Final Act of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague, 14 May 1954. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 45]

Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague, 14 May 1954. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 123][State signatories – 4]

Protocol for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague, 14 May 1954. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 100][State signatories – 1]

Resolutions of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague, 14 May 1954. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Draft Rules for the Limitation of the Dangers incurred by the Civilian Population in Time of War. ICRC, 1956 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Human Rights in Armed Conflicts. Resolution XXIII adopted by the International Conference on Human Rights. Teheran, 12 May 1968. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity, 26 November 1968. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 54]

Respect for Human Rights in Armed Conflicts. Resolution 2444 (XXIII) of the United Nations General Assembly, 19 December 1968. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

The Distinction between Military Objectives and Non-Military Objectives in General and Particularly the Problems Associated with Weapons of Mass Destruction. Edinburgh, 9 September 1969. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. Opened for Signature at London, Moscow and Washington. 10 April 1972. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 163][State signatories – 13]

European Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes. Strasbourg, 25 January 1974. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 3][State signatories – 1]

Convention on the prohibition of military or any hostile use of environmental modification techniques, 10 December 1976. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 73][State signatories – 16]

Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State signatories – 100]

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 170][State signatories – 5]

Annex I (to the Protocol I) : Regulations concerning identification (as amended on 30 November 1993) [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Annex I (to the Protocol I) : Regulations concerning identification (as of 6 June 1977) [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Annex II (to the Protocol I) [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 8 June 1977. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][Commentaries][State parties – 165][State signatories – 4]

Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention of the OAU for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa. Libreville, 3rd July 1977. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 30][State signatories – 9]

Resolution on Small-Calibre Weapon Systems. Geneva, 28 September 1979. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Final Act of the United Nations Conference on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects. Geneva, 10 October 1980. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects. Geneva, 10 October 1980. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 113][State signatories – 5]

Protocol on Non-Detectable Fragments (Protocol I). Geneva, 10 October 1980. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 111]

Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices (Protocol II). Geneva, 10 October 1980. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 94]

Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary Weapons (Protocol III). Geneva, 10 October 1980. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 108]

International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries, 4 December 1989. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 32][State signatories – 10]

Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 193][State signatories – 2]

Convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their destruction, Paris 13 January 1993 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 188][State signatories – 2]

Statute of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, 25 May 1993. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea, 12 June 1994 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Genocide and Other Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of Rwanda and Rwandan citizens responsible for genocide and other such violations committed in the territory of neighbouring States, between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1994, 8 November 1994. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons (Protocol IV to the 1980 Convention), 13 October 1995 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 98]

Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices as amended on 3 May 1996 (Protocol II to the 1980 Convention as amended on 3 May 1996) [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 94]

Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, 18 September 1997 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 156][State signatories – 2]

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 17 July 1998 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 114][State signatories – 34]

Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict The Hague, 26 March 1999 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 58][State signatories – 17]

Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, 25 May 2000 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 139][State signatories – 25]

Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects. Geneva, 10 October 1980. Amendment article 1, 21 December 2001. [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 72]

Agreement for and Statute of the Special Court for Sierra Leone, 16 January 2002 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War (Protocol V to the 1980 Convention), 28 November 2003 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 69]

Customary International Humanitarian Law, March 2005 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles]

Protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an Additional Distinctive Emblem (Protocol III), 8 December 2005 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 53][State signatories – 37]

Convention on Cluster Munitions, 30 May 2008 [Introduction][Full Text][Articles][State parties – 46][State signatories – 62

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